THE five Balkan nations which emerged from the greatest of wars--begun, be it noted, by the shot of a Balkan fanatic--were alike in one thing if in nothing else; all required a peaceful interlude for the development of agricultural and manufacturing arts if their citizens were to become sufficiently prosperous and contented to resist the demagogic leaders who were sure to seek in new wars, civil or foreign, the opportunity of furthering their private fortunes. They have enjoyed such an interlude in varying degrees of completeness and for varying periods of time. They have sometimes trusted themselves to leaders who placed the interests of a particular class or faction above the interests of the country at large, but it may fairly be said that the men who have ruled the destinies of the Balkan states during the past five years have been neither more nor less scrupulous than their colleagues in Western Europe.
People seldom realize that even from the physical point of view the Balkan states are far from insignificant. The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, known better perhaps as Jugoslavia, has an area of 96,134 square miles and over twelve million inhabitants. Rumania is even larger; its area, including the former Russian province of Bessarabia, is 122,282 square miles (that is, some ten thousand square miles larger than Italy) and its population is over seventeen millions. Bulgaria, as a result of the Treaty of Neuilly, finds her territory reduced to 39,824 square miles and her population to something less than five millions. Greece today has a total area of about 49,000 square miles and a population, counting recent fugitives from Asia Minor, of a good deal more than six millions. Albania, the smallest and most backward of the Balkan states, covers an area estimated at 17,000 square miles and has a population of about 830,000. In all, then, the states of the Balkan peninsula contain over forty million souls and cover over three hundred and twenty thousand square miles.